Pre-prosthetic surgery refers to the oral surgical procedures that modifies the oral anatomy (both soft & hard tissues) to facilitate the wearing, comfort and retention of dentures.
A denture sits on the alveolar ridge (bone ridge), so it is very important that the bone is the proper shape and size. When teeth are extracted, the underlying bone is often sharp and uneven. In order to properly fit a denture, the bone may require smoothing and reshaping. Frequently, bony lumps (exostoses or tori) need to be removed prior to denture insertion. Fibrous bands that extend from the gums to the tongue or lips (fraena) may require removing together with excessive gum tissue (gingival hyperplasia/denture hyperplasia).
By providing a stable and retentive denture, gagging can be prevented along with reduction of pain and discomfort on eating. This will also satisfy æsthetics and improve a sense of personal wellbeing.
Nowadays, the scope and effectiveness of pre-prosthetic surgery has been extended by the application of dental implants alone or in combination with other surgical treatment, such as soft and hard tissue augmentation with grafts.